FAMILY LIFE

Frederick George Dinsey was born in the Tweed in 1885, son of John & Mary Jane (Hislop) Dinsey.  He was the second youngest of 5 siblings, all of whom were born in Murwillumbah. His parents had moved to the area in 1869. His father was widely known and highly respected in all parts of the district and his mother was prominent in the Red Cross. Bother parents are listed on the Banner St Memorial, Murwillumbah which lists the 2348 pioneer settlers of the Tweed district. His brother, Robert Samuel “Herbert” Dinsey also enlisted.

ATTESTATION

Frederick was single farmer, eager to do his bit. He travelled to Brisbane on 25th August 1915 to complete his application which showed his next of kin as his mother, Mary Jane, of Murwillumbah.

CITIZEN MILITARY FORCE

He had spent 3 years in the Light Horse Brigade which refers to pre-war service in a local militia unit, specifically a unit of the Citizen Military Forces (CMF), which was Australia's part-time, volunteer military force before the war. Murwillumbah’s brigade covered the region including Lismore, Murwillumbah, and other Northern NSW towns. Service in such units typically involved weekend training, annual camps, and occasional parades. It showed he had some military experience and discipline before enlisting in the AIF.

His medical showed he was 30 years 4months old, 6ft 1inches tall (1.83m), with a fair complexion, blue eyes & fair hair.  His eyesight was good

The Examining Medical Officer stated that Frederick “can see the required distance with either eye; his heart and lungs are healthy; he has the free use of his joints; and he declares he is not subject to fits of any description. I consider him fit for active service.”  On the second page of the Attestation Paper, he made the following oath in the presence of the Attesting Officer: “I, Frederick George Disney, swear that I will well and truly serve our Sovereign Lord the King in the Australian Imperial Force until the end of the War … SO HELP ME, GOD.” 

He was Church of Methodist and had a scar on both his right & left legs.  He was enlisted as a private into the 2^nd Light Horse – 14^th Reinforcements with service No 2025

TRAINING AT RIFLE RANGE CAMP, ENOGGERA

As was the case with men from the Northern Rivers district in New South Wales, they trained at Rifle Range Camp, Enoggera near Brisbane. The Barracks Block was built as accommodation for men in two dormitories, each 36 feet by 22 feet (10.97 x 6.7 metres). Beds or bunks were not provided, instead each man slept on a palliasse with ground sheet on the floor. For many it was their first time away from home. Men from every walk of life, from clerks and teachers to factory and shop workers, were crammed together

Now training for the new recruits began. Firstly, the men received their vaccinations for smallpox, rabies & plague, then a recruit had to be inducted into military forms of discipline, command, and order. This was partially achieved through a program of basic training carried and, in a sense, was maintained for a long as a man was in the service. It involved marching and drilling with the rifle, cleaning and caring for personal equipment and being supervised and inspected in ways quite different to ordinary civilian life. For example, no boots should be allowed to get in a bad state of wear but must be sent to the bootmaker without delay for repair. Men who were found with hair long and unshaven had to have a haircut and shave

Secondly, after basic training there followed the far more serious exercise of turning a man into a fighting soldier at least partially prepared for the kind of warfare he was about to experience overseas. The topics and exercises in the syllabus of training were a world away from their former lives and included daily physical training, entrenching, wiring, firing rifle grenades, firing the Lewis light machine gun, dealing with gas attack, using hand grenades, using the bayonet, and the routines to be followed in the trenches.

This training was then put into practice during what were called ‘Field Days,’ when men would practice using the skills they had acquired in mock attacks both by day and by night. How well men had learnt to use their weapons, in cooperation with each other in training, would be tested in the harsh reality of the front line. Training would take several months

The recruits were issued with their uniform: a khaki woollen jacket, heavy cord breeches and the famous slouch hat – turned up on the left and featuring a plain khaki band, chinstrap and “rising sun” badge. A soldier’s equipment also included a dixie (mess tin), water bottle, mug, .303 Lee-Enfield rifle and bayonet.

VOYAGE OVERSEAS

He embarked from Brisbane on 31 January 1916 on the HMAT Wandilla as part of 14th Reinforcements, 2nd Light Horse Regiment.

The ship was transporting troops (including reinforcements for the Light Horse regiments) to the Middle East via Egypt, as Gallipoli had been evacuated just weeks earlier.

The epic voyage across the ocean has been described as “the longest journey to war in the history of the world.” They thought it was the start of a new adventure- for many it was their first time so far away from home. However, after some time at sea the biggest problem turned out to be boredom. On-board, Officers organised rigorous training drills and exercise sessions for the men. They were expected to do their own washing, sweep the decks and carry out other chores

Attempts at breaking up the boredom, apart from the regular drill, varied. Shipboard activities included regular church parades and concerts. Troops engaged in lifebelt drill; a cookhouse on deck; soldiers on fatigues peeling potatoes 'spud bashing'; going to the dentist; barber, pay day; soldiers cleaning personal equipment; medical inspection. Sports and recreation included boxing, deck quoits, draughts. Also, the commanding officer's morning inspection; kit inspections; submarine drill; recreation such as the on deck 'open air' library, deck billiards, pillow fighting and card games including Nap. As well, conditions on the ships were cramped and the risk of illness was constant. 

Three hearty meals a day were served; breakfast usually consisted of porridge, stew, and tea. Lunch included soup, meat, vegetables, and pudding. Meat, bread with jam and tea was served for dinner. Many of the troops experienced bouts of seasickness on the voyage. The crossing the Equator ceremony, ‘Neptune’s Journey,’ was played-out on each troopship.

ARRIVAL IN EGYPT

The ship left Brisbane, with a brief stop in Sydney to take on additional troops or supplies. Next stop was Fremantle which was a standard refuelling and provisioning stop. From Fremantle it headed for Suez (Egypt) via the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. The ship would have passed Colombo (Ceylon, now Sri Lanka), Aden (Yemen) through the Red Sea, then docked at Suez or Alexandria in Egypt — usually Suez for disembarkation. The ship would have arrived late February or early March

EGYPTIAN TRAINING CAMP- HELIOPOLIS

From there, Frederick would have travelled by train to the Australian Light Horse training camp at Heliopolis, a sprawling military training camp located just outside Cairo. Heliopolis had originally been a fashionable new suburb with grand buildings and wide boulevards, but during the war, it was transformed into a major Australian base and hospital centre. The once-luxurious Heliopolis Palace Hotel had become the No. 1 Australian General Hospital (1AGH), and the surrounding open ground served as a base camp for incoming troops.

Frederick would have undergone further military training to prepare him for the rigours of desert warfare. This included mounted drill and horsemanship, reinforcing the Light Horse’s role as mobile infantry.

Rifle shooting and bayonet practice& field manoeuvres and tactical exercises in the surrounding desert terrain. Route marches and physical conditioning to build endurance under harsh conditions were regularly held. He learnt camel and horse care, including feeding, grooming, and managing water supplies — crucial skills for desert service.

The conditions at Heliopolis were challenging, particularly for men used to the green hills and milder climate of places like Murwillumbah. The days were dry and hot, often well over 30°C, even in spring. The nights could be surprisingly cold, especially out in the desert. Soldiers had to contend with dust storms that whipped across the camp, coating everything in fine sand. There was limited shade — many tents offered little protection from the sun. Rations were basic, often lacking in fresh fruit and vegetables, which sometimes led to minor illnesses. Flies and lice, which were a constant nuisance.

Despite this, there was also some freedom and morale-boosting opportunities.  Cairo was only a short tram ride away, and soldiers often visited on leave to see the markets, pyramids, and the famed nightlife. There were YMCA tents offering books, games, and writing materials. The men shared a strong sense of camaraderie, having all come from similar rural or regional backgrounds.

TRANSFERRED TO 1^ST LIGHT HORSE RESERVE REGIMENT MARCH 1916, 4^th DIVISION ARTILLERY APRIL AND 1TH FIELD BATTERY APRIL

SERVICE NUMBER CHANGED

He was transferred to 1st Light Horse Reserve Regiment in Egypt on 7 March 1916 and was then transferred to 4th Division Artillery on 16 April 1916 and to 11th Field Artillery Battery on 21 April 1916. It was with this unit that he had the letter "a" added to his regimental number to avoid a duplication.  His skills — likely horsemanship, physical stamina, and prior Light Horse experience — made him well-suited to artillery work, particularly with teams of horses hauling heavy guns and wagons.

In early June 1916, Frederick arrived at Marseilles, southern France — a bustling military port filled with troops, supplies, and long columns of transport wagons. From there, he would have travelled north by train — a long, uncomfortable journey in crowded cattle trucks marked "40 hommes, 8 chevaux" (40 men or 8 horses) — toward the Somme region of northern France, where the AIF was preparing for a major offensive.

WESTERN FRONT & TRENCH WARFARE

The soldiers now found themselves fighting the Germans in trench warfare. On the Western Front in 1914–1918, both sides constructed elaborate trench, underground, and dugout systems opposing each other along a front, protected from assault by barbed wire. The area between opposing trench lines (known as "no man's land") was fully exposed to artillery fire from both sides. Attacks, even if successful, often sustained severe casualties. Trench warfare created a living environment for the men which was harsh, stagnant, and extremely dangerous. Not only were trenches constantly under threat of attack from shells or other weapons, but there were also many health risks that developed into large-scale problems for medical personnel. Apart from the inescapable cold during the winters in France & Belgium, trenches were often completely waterlogged and muddy, and crawling with lice and rats

The time soldiers spent in the trenches varied depending on factors like their army's rotation system and the intensity of the conflict in their sector. On average:

·      Front-line trenches: Soldiers typically remained here for about 4–6 days at a time. This was where the fighting was most intense and the conditions were the harshest.

·      Support and reserve trenches: After time on the front line, soldiers were rotated to these positions for around 6–12 days. These trenches were set further back and offered slightly better conditions.

·      Rest periods: Soldiers were then moved away from the trench system entirely for rest, training, and recovery, often lasting several weeks, depending on operational needs.

The rotation system helped prevent complete physical and mental exhaustion, but the constant dangers of trench life meant there was rarely any true respite.

DAILY LIFE WITH THE 11TH FIELD BATTERY

Frederick's role was likely that of a driver, responsible for handling teams of horses that hauled 18-pounder field guns, ammunition wagons, and limbers. Life in a field artillery battery was exhausting and dangerous: Gun teams moved by night to avoid detection, often through deep mud and shell-cratered roads. Horses required constant care, even under fire — feeding, watering, grooming, and treating injuries. The batteries themselves were usually hidden behind ridges or in orchards, within range of enemy shells but close enough to support the infantry.

BATTLES- SOMME, JULY, POZIERES, JULY- AUGUST & MOUQUET FARM AUGUST- SEPTEMBER

As part of the 11th Battery, Frederick would have taken part in the Battle of the Somme, which began on 1 July 1916 and dragged on through the autumn. Though the Australians entered later, in mid-July, the 4th Division, including the 11th Battery, was heavily engaged in Pozieres (July–August 1916), where Australian units faced ferocious shelling. The next major battle was Mouquet Farm (August–September), another costly and muddy advance.

There was daily shellfire, gas alerts, and aircraft spotting meant constant tension, even behind the front lines. The weather in northern France was muddy and miserable, especially from August onward. Men were often wet, sleepless, and coated in lice and mud.

Horses suffered terribly from shell shock, exhaustion, and poor fodder

HOSPITALISATION PUO, CATARRH, NOVEMBER 1916

Frederick was hospitalised with PUO followed by catarrh — both were common among soldiers during the Western Front campaigns, especially during the cold, wet conditions of late 1916. PUO stands for “Pyrexia of Unknown Origin” — in plain terms, it means a fever without an immediately known cause. It was a catch-all diagnosis used when a soldier had persistent fever, chills, weakness, or general malaise, but no clear signs of infection.

Catarrh refers to inflammation of the mucous membranes, usually of the nose and throat, leading to congestion, runny nose, persistent cough & a sore throat It was commonly caused by viral upper respiratory infections, cold weather exposure & prolonged exposure to damp and muddy conditions In Frederick’s case, it appears the PUO may have been the early stage of a respiratory illness, later diagnosed as catarrh.

In late 1916, treatments were basic and focused on rest, warmth, and supportive care. Frederick was admitted to a Casualty Clearing Station which was a key part of the military medical evacuation chain used by soldiers. It was set up a few miles behind the front lines, often near railways or roads and positioned far enough to be relatively safe from artillery, but close enough for rapid access. He received warm bedding, clean clothing, and isolation from front-line exposure, fluids, mild purgatives, and basic fever reducers (like aspirin or quinine). He possibly had mustard plasters or steam inhalation to ease breathing but no antibiotics, as they did not exist yet. He rejoined his unit on 7^th December 1916

APPOINTED BOMBARDIER  DECEMBER 1916

On 19th December he was appointed as a bombardier “to complete establishment”.  This means he was appointed because there was an official opening for a Bombardier in his battery or unit. He would now have had command over a small team (often 4 to 10 men) within a gun crew or section. During engagements, the Bombardier would maintain order under fire, ensure ammunition supply and rapid reloading, and make sure fire missions were executed quickly and accurately.

DECEMBER 1916 – FEBRUARY 1917- STATIC WARFARE

The 11th Battery was involved in trench warfare support, mainly in the Gueudecourt–Flers sector in the Somme. Conditions were harsh: freezing temperatures, deep mud, poor roads, and frequent German artillery fire. There duties included daily fire missions, including harassing fire, counter-battery fire, and supporting trench raids. They targeted enemy supply routes, trenches, and strongpoints & performed regular registration shoots (calibrating guns for accuracy).

Maintenance & Survival was very important- guns often froze or got bogged down. Crews rotated between front positions and wagon lines to rest, repair equipment, and tend horses.

APPOINTED VICE CORPORAL FEBRUARY 1917

Frederick was appointed Vice Corporal on 15^th February due to the illness of Bombardier Henderson
ATTENDED SIGNAL SCHOOL MARCH 1917

On 14^th March Frederick was detached to signal school which were training units where selected soldiers were taught battlefield communication techniques, especially for coordinating artillery and infantry. These schools were run by the Australian Corps Signals, or sometimes attached to Divisional Signals Companies and he received specialist training in battlefield communications. During this time, he learned to operate field telephones, send, and receive Morse code, and use visual signalling methods such as flags and lamps. He was also trained in laying and repairing signal cables—an essential and often dangerous task in the muddy, shell-damaged terrain of the Western Front. These skills were critical for maintaining contact between artillery batteries and forward observation posts, ensuring that fire missions could be accurately coordinated during the fast-moving operations that followed the German retreat to the Hindenburg Line. He rejoined his unit on 8^th April 1917

APPOINTMENT CONFIRMED MAY 1917

His promotion to corporal was confirmed on 31^st May 1917

MAY TO JUNE 1917

Between May and June 1917, Frederick’s unit, the 11th Field Artillery Battery, was positioned near the town of Messines in Belgium. During this time, the battery was heavily involved in preparations for the upcoming Battle of Messines. The men worked tirelessly to move their guns into concealed positions, construct gun pits, lay communication cables, and bring forward large stores of ammunition. They also carried out registration shoots to ensure their guns were correctly ranged and ready to support the coming offensive.

BATTLE OF MESSINES JUNE 1917

On 7 June 1917, the Battle of Messines began with the detonation of 19 underground mines beneath the German lines, creating a massive shockwave across the front. Immediately afterward, the 11th Battery joined in a carefully planned artillery barrage designed to protect the advancing infantry. The gunners maintained a creeping barrage, lifting their fire forward in timed stages to keep pressure on the German lines while allowing the Australian and British troops to advance behind it. The operation was a success, and the Messines Ridge was captured in a single day.

JULY AND AUGUST 1917

Following the battle, the 11th Battery remained in the area throughout July and August, supporting infantry units as they held the captured ground. The battery continued to fire harassing rounds at night to disrupt German troop movements and supply lines. They also took part in counter-battery fire, attempting to silence enemy artillery. Although no major attacks occurred during these months, the gunners worked under constant threat of retaliation and endured long hours of watchfulness in muddy, uncomfortable gun pits.

SEPTEMBER & OCTOBER 1917

BATTLE OF POLYGON WOOD SEPTEMBER 1917

BATTLE OF BROODSEINDE RIDGE OCTOBER 1917

In September and October, the battery was drawn into the next major phase of the campaign: the Third Battle of Ypres, also known as the Battle of Passchendaele. Frederick’s battery provided artillery support for key engagements at Polygon Wood on 26 September and Broodseinde Ridge on 4 October. The men fired continuous barrages to support the advancing troops, often under extreme conditions. Torrential rain had turned the battlefield into a sea of mud, making the movement and operation of heavy guns extremely difficult. Shells often sank into the ground without exploding, and men struggled to keep their equipment functioning.

Despite these challenges, the 11th Battery remained at their posts, providing vital firepower that helped the infantry secure important objectives. Their efforts came at great personal cost, as the constant strain, poor conditions, and enemy fire took a heavy toll on both men and horses. Yet their role was essential in pushing the front line forward during one of the most gruelling campaigns of the war.

APPOINTED TEMPORARY SERGEANT OCTOBER 1917

On 29^th October Frederick was appointed temporary sergeant

NOVEMBER & DECEMBER 1917

THIRD BATTLEOF YPRES NOVEMBER 1917

In November 1917, the 11th Battery continued its involvement in the final stages of the Third Battle of Ypres, particularly during the grim and costly fighting around Passchendaele. The battlefield had become a sea of mud, and artillery units struggled to keep their guns in action. Despite the impossible conditions, the battery maintained a steady rate of fire to support infantry holding the line and to disrupt enemy positions. Gun crews often worked waist-deep in mud, and the cold, wet weather added to the exhaustion and discomfort. Many men suffered from trench foot and exposure, while horses and mules used for transport often died in the boggy terrain.

Following the conclusion of major offensives in mid-November, the battery was gradually withdrawn from the front line. The rest of the month was spent in maintaining the guns, resting the men, and preparing for future operations. Artillery units often rotated between active positions and quieter areas to allow for much-needed rest and refit.

REST DECEMBER 1917

In December 1917, the 11th Battery moved into a reserve or rest area in northern France. The men undertook routine training, carried out equipment repairs, and prepared new gun positions. They also participated in working parties, built winter accommodation, and maintained horses and wagons. Although they were away from the front lines, the threat of long-range shelling and air raids remained.

This period provided a brief respite after months of intense combat. It also allowed the battery to receive reinforcements and new supplies in preparation for the upcoming spring campaigns of 1918.

DETACHED TO 2^ND ARTILLERY SCHOOL DECEMBER 1918

In this “quiet time” Frederick was detached to the 2nd Artillery School on 7th December 1917. He would have been undergoing specialized training and instruction related to artillery tactics, gunnery, and the technical operation of artillery weapons.

This training likely included:

·      Advanced gunnery techniques such as range-finding, aiming, and firing procedures

·      Instruction on artillery equipment maintenance and operation

·      Tactical training on coordinating artillery support with infantry movements

·      Observation and spotting skills to improve accuracy

·      Possibly training in new artillery technology or updated battlefield methods

The goal of this detachment was to improve Frederick’s proficiency as an artilleryman, preparing him to serve more effectively on the front lines with his battery. It was common for soldiers to be sent to artillery schools to keep skills sharp, learn innovations, and improve unit effectiveness. He rejoined his unit on 9^th January 1918

APPOINTMENT TO SERGEANT CONFIRMED DECEMBER 1917

On 29^th December Frederick’s appointment as sergeant was confirmed

JANUARY TO AUGUST 1918

Between January and August 1918, the 11th Field Artillery Battery was heavily involved in the fighting on the Western Front, particularly during the German Spring Offensive and the Allied counter-offensives that followed.

GERMAN SPRING OFFENSIVE MARCH 1918

At the start of 1918, the battery helped defend against the German Spring Offensive (also known as the Kaiserschlacht), which began in March 1918. This massive series of attacks aimed to break through Allied lines before American forces could fully arrive. The 11th Battery provided vital artillery support to slow the German advance, firing on enemy troop concentrations, artillery positions, and supply routes.

After the German offensives were halted, the Allies launched a series of counter-attacks known as the Hundred Days Offensive, beginning in August 1918. Frederick was wounded during the Battle of Amiens, which started on 8th August 1918 and marked the beginning of this final push. The battle was a coordinated attack involving infantry, tanks, artillery, and aircraft, designed to break the stalemate and force a German retreat.

During the Battle of Amiens, the 11th Field Artillery Battery played a crucial role by delivering a carefully timed and concentrated artillery barrage. This barrage helped to surprise and overwhelm German defences, supporting the infantry advance. Frederick’s wounding on 8th August likely occurred amid the intense fighting as the battery provided close support under fire.

The Battle of Amiens was a turning point in the war, with significant Allied gains and heavy German losses. Frederick’s injury came during this critical and hard-fought battle, highlighting the dangerous conditions artillerymen faced even behind the front lines.

APRIL TO MAY 1918

After the initial German Spring Offensive in March 1918, the front lines stabilized somewhat, but fighting remained intense. The 11th Battery continued to provide artillery support for defensive and offensive operations. In April and May, the battery helped hold the line against smaller German attacks and engaged in harassing fire to disrupt enemy movements and supply lines. This period involved frequent shelling of German trenches and strongpoints to keep pressure on the enemy.

JUNE & JULY 1918

During June and July, the Allies began preparing for counter-offensives. The artillery units, including the 11th Battery, trained intensively to coordinate barrages with infantry and tanks. They carried out “registration” — firing on known targets to ensure accuracy before major attacks.

The battery likely took part in artillery duels, exchanging fire with German artillery to gain dominance over the battlefield.

BATTLE OF AMIENS — AUGUST 8, 1918

The Battle of Amiens was the opening phase of the Allied Hundred Days Offensive, which ultimately ended the war. It involved British, Canadian, Australian, and French troops attacking German lines near the town of Amiens in northern France. Artillery played a critical role. A massive surprise barrage began just before dawn, combining creeping barrages that moved forward ahead of advancing infantry and tanks.

The 11th Field Artillery Battery would have been part of this artillery fire plan, delivering concentrated shellfire against German trenches, machine gun nests, artillery positions, and command posts.

The intense bombardment and coordinated attack caused heavy German casualties and a rapid Allied advance — some gains were as much as 7 miles in a single day, which was huge compared to earlier trench warfare.

However, the fighting was fierce and dangerous. Artillery units like the 11th Battery were often targeted by counter-battery fire and were under threat from enemy shells and raids. The success of the Battle of Amiens marked a turning point in the war, breaking the stalemate and leading to a series of Allied advances over the next months.

WOUNDED IN ACTION 8^TH AUGUST 1918

Frederick was one of the casualties of this battle. Frederick’s wounding on 8th August suggests he was caught up in this intense combat, possibly while operating artillery guns, adjusting fire, or during enemy counter-fire. He was severely wounded by a gun shot in the right leg

EVACUATION TO ENGLAND AUGUST 1918

He was admitted to Norwich War Hospital in England on 11th August. Norwich War Hospital was a large military facility where wounded soldiers received initial treatment and surgery if needed. Upon arrival, Frederick would have undergone a thorough medical assessment. Pain relief was administered, and nurses monitored his condition closely. The hospital focused on stabilizing his health and managing complications.

CONVALESCENCE HAREFIELD NOVEMBER 1918

Following his recovery phase at Norwich, Frederick was transferred on 30th November 1918 to the 1st Auxiliary Hospital at Harefield. Harefield specialized in convalescent care, rehabilitation, and longer-term treatment, helping soldiers regain strength and prepare for return to duty or discharge. This movement from an active hospital to an auxiliary hospital was typical for soldiers recovering from serious wounds, marking the transition from acute medical treatment to recovery and rehabilitation. Harefield was designed to help soldiers recover strength and mobility. Frederick would have engaged in gentle physical therapy and exercises tailored to his injuries. The hospital often provided activities like crafts or light work to aid mental recovery and improve physical coordination. Proper diet and nourishment were emphasized to promote healing.

WAR ENDED

On 11^th November the fighting was officially over so he prepared to return to Australia. After the Armistice, the Australian Prime Minister Billy Hughes insisted Australian troops be repatriated (returned home) as quickly as possible. This logistical challenge was enormous with 135,000 troops brought home from Britain in 147 voyages, and 16,773 troops from the Middle East in 56 voyages, mostly on a first come, first go basis. There was a lack of suitable ships to transport personnel home and many had to wait many months before they were headed back to Australia.

GOING HOME

Frederick then returned to Australia on the Karoola, arriving on 14 February 1919. He was discharged as a sergeant on 14 November 1920.

FOR HIS SERVICE

For his service, Frederick was awarded the 1914-15 Star, British War Medal, and the Victory Medal and his name is recorded on the Dungay Public School World War 1 Honour Roll

HOME LIFE

On his return to Australia, he married Olive Catherine Pollock on 23 March 1921 at St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Brisbane. After his marriage, he and wife Olive settled in to Cudgen, New South Wales, Australia.  Olive passed away on 26 June 1925 at Murwillumbah. He married to Grace Violet Robertson in 1929 in Murwillumbah. He lived in Harwood St, Murwillumbah. He passed away on 5 August 1952 in Murwillumbah.  He was cremated and ashes interred at Mount Thompson Memorial Gardens and Crematorium, Holland Park. 

If you have any additional information about this individual, we invite you to email us at rsl@msmc.org.au.